Saltonstall, Leverett, 1892-1979

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Leverett A. Saltonstall (September 1, 1892 – June 17, 1979) was an American lawyer and politician from Massachusetts. He served three two-year terms as the 55th Governor of Massachusetts, and for more than twenty years as a United States Senator (1945–1967). Saltonstall was internationalist in foreign policy and moderate on domestic policy, serving as a well-liked mediating force in the Republican Party. He was the only member of the Republican Senate leadership to vote for the censure of Joseph McCarthy.

Leverett Saltonstall was born in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, to Richard Middlecott Saltonstall and Eleanor Brooks Saltonstall. The Saltonstall family, a wealthy Boston Brahmin family, had deep colonial roots, as did that of his mother. Saltonstall was able to trace his ancestral roots to the Mayflower; his grandfather and great-grandfather, both also named Leverett Saltonstall. His father was a lawyer; his mother was the daughter of Peter C. Brooks III, a beneficiary of the large fortune of his same-named grandfather.

He was educated at the private Noble and Greenough School, and then attended the Evans School for Boys in Mesa, Arizona, an upper-crust ranch school, along with Nicholas Roosevelt, nephew to family friend Theodore Roosevelt. He then entered Harvard, graduating in 1914, and graduated from Harvard Law School in 1917. He was active in varsity sports at Harvard, notably serving as captain of the Junior Varsity crew team that won the prestigious Grand Challenge Cup at the Henley Royal Regatta in 1914 – the first American crew ever to do so. He also played football and hockey, scoring a dramatic overtime goal in a 1914 win over the legendary Hobey Baker's Princeton team.

Saltonstall married Alice Wesselhoeft (1893–1981) of Jaffrey, New Hampshire, in 1916, while still in law school. Together they had six children, including Emily (1920–2006), at one time the daughter-in-law of Richard Byrd and a former WAVE; Peter Brooks Saltonstall, killed in action on Guam in 1944; William L. Saltonstall (1927–2009), a member of the Massachusetts Senate; and Susan (1930–1994), a horse breeder.

After graduation, Saltonstall entered the United States Army. He served as a first lieutenant in the 301st Field Artillery Regiment in the 76th Division in World War I, spending six months in France. He was discharged in 1919, and then entered the law firm of his uncle.

Saltonstall, a socially progressive Republican, entered politics as an alderman in Newton, Massachusetts, serving from 1920 to 1922, while simultaneously serving as second assistant district attorney of Middlesex County under his uncle, Endicott Peabody Saltonstall, from 1921 to 1922. He was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives that same year; there he rose to the position of Speaker of the House, which he held from 1929 to 1937.

In 1936, Saltonstall decided to seek the Republican nomination for Governor of Massachusetts. In the party convention, conservative forces prevailed in securing the nomination for John W. Haigis. Saltonstall's friends were able to engineer his nomination for lieutenant governor. Both Haigis and Saltonstall were defeated by their Democratic rivals, although Saltonstall's margin of defeat, just over 7,000 votes, was small enough to merit a recount; he demurred. He ran again for governor two years later, and won a decisive victory over former Boston Mayor James Michael Curley, who had been involved in a bruising Democratic primary fight against the incumbent Charles F. Hurley.

He was reelected in 1940 and 1942; the 1940 election win was by an extremely narrow margin. During his tenure, Saltonstall mediated a Teamsters strike, reduced taxes, and retired 90 percent of the state's debt. He served as President of the National Governors Association from 1943 to 1944. In 1944, he also served as the fifth President of the Council of State Governments.

In 1944, Saltonstall was elected to the United States Senate in a special election to fill the unexpired term created by the resignation of U.S. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. He was re-elected three times, serving from 1945 to 1967. Early in his first term, in April 1945 he was one of a dozen Senators and Congressmen who toured the Buchenwald Concentration Camp at the invitation of Gen. Dwight Eisenhower to attest to the reality of Nazi atrocities. Those he defeated included John H. Corcoran in 1944, John I. Fitzgerald in 1948, Foster Furcolo in 1954, and Thomas J. O'Connor in 1960. During his tenure in the Senate, he served as the Senate Republican Whip and on five influential Senate committees. He also served as the chair of the Senate Republican Conference, 1957–1966. He was viewed as a political moderate, and served as a mediating force between the party's conservative and progressive wings. He was an unspectacular but effective legislator, good at drafting legislation and finding compromise language. When he left office, after more than thirty years in politics, he had few political enemies. Saltonstall voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, and 1964, as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Saltonstall opted not to run for reelection in 1966, in part to provide an opportunity for his seat to Edward Brooke, a rising star in Massachusetts Republican circles. He retired to his farm in Dover, where he spent his remaining years as a gentleman farmer.

Leverett Saltonstall died of congestive heart failure in 1979 aged 86, and is buried in Harmony Grove Cemetery in Salem, Massachusetts. The Saltonstall Building in downtown Boston is named for him.

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
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creatorOf Saltonstall family. Saltonstall family papers, 1524-1969. Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Levis, Rosa Marie Finnochietti, 1878-1959. Papers, 1890-1959 (inclusive). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
creatorOf Shattuck, Henry Lee, 1879-1971. Papers, 1870-1971 Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Kirstein, Louis Edward, 1867-1942. Business records, 1909-1942 Harvard Business School, Knowledge and Library Services/Baker Library
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creatorOf American Council for Nationalities Service. Correspondence with Eugene Ormandy, 1966-1971. University of Pennsylvania Libraries, Van Pelt Library
referencedIn Papers of Mary Lee, (inclusive), (bulk), 1834-1982, 1915-1949 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Blair Moody Papers, 1928-1954, 1934-1952 Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Wyzanski, Charles Edward. Charles E. (Charles Edward) Wyzanski papers. 1930-1968. Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
creatorOf Saltonstall, Leverett, 1892-1979. Autograph collection, 1930-1996 (bulk: 1930-1979) Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Papers, 1854, 1881-1961 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
creatorOf Mitchell, Stewart, 1892-1957. Papers, 1839-1957. Boston Athenaeum
referencedIn Anson Phelps Stokes family papers, 1761-1960, 1892-1958 Yale University. Department of Manuscripts and Archives
referencedIn Learned Hand papers Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Crowell, Rhoda Marjorie, 1920-. Papers, 1947-1972 (inclusive). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Thomas J. Dodd Papers, undated, 1919-1971. Archives & Special Collections at the Thomas J. Dodd Center.
referencedIn Papers of John Coolidge and Agnes Mongan, 1909-2006 Harvard Art Museums. Archives
referencedIn Scott, Austin Wakeman. Austin Wakeman Scott papers. 1906-1979. Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Philip A. Hart papers, 1949-1976, 1959-1976 Bentley Historical Library
referencedIn Ehrmann, Herbert Brutus, 1891-1970. Papers of Herbert Brutus Ehrmann, 1906-1970 (inclusive), 1926-1968 (bulk). Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Papers of Samuel Eliot Morison Harvard University Archives.
referencedIn Paramount Pictures, Inc., Collection. 1951 - 1951. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1941 - 3/1957. PARAMOUNT NEWS [JUNE 4] National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Papers, 1926, 1940 [1950-1960] 1961 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Records, 1891-1955 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Autograph File, N, 1686-1975. Houghton Library
creatorOf Byrd, Richard Evelyn, 1888-1957. Richard E. Byrd personal papers, 1882-1974. Ohio State University Libraries
referencedIn Harvard University Archives Photograph Collection: Portraits, oversize, ca. 1829-1985 Harvard University Archives.
referencedIn Rogers, Edith Nourse, 1881-1960. Papers, 1854-1961 (inclusive), 1881-1961 (bulk). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Sutherland, Arthur E., 1902-1973. Papers of Arthur Eugene Sutherland, 1923-1972 (inclusive), 1950-1972 (bulk). Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
creatorOf Brooks, Lawrence Graham, 1881-1981. Papers, 1897-1981. Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Van Waters, Miriam, 1887-1974. Papers, 1861-1971 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
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creatorOf Dixon, Frank M. (Frank Murray), 1892-1965. Papers, 1924-1965. Alabama Department of Archives and History
referencedIn De Voto, Bernard Augustine, 1897-1955. Bernard De Voto papers, 1918-1955 (bulk 1944-1951). Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives
referencedIn Frederick M. Dearborn collection of military and political Americana, Part I: The Revolution and the Administration, 1669-1958. Houghton Library
referencedIn Elliot L. Richardson papers, 1780-1999 Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Ehrmann, Herbert B. (Herbert Brutus), 1891-1970. Papers, 1906-1970 Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Harold Weston Papers, 1916-1971 Syracuse University. Library. Special Collections Research Center
creatorOf Papers of Leverett Saltonstall, 1921-1979 (inclusive) Harvard University Archives.
referencedIn Kirstein, Louis Edward, 1867-1942. Business records, 1909-1942 Harvard Business School, Knowledge and Library Services/Baker Library
referencedIn Brown, Herman LaRue. Herman LaRue Brown papers. 1890-1969 Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
creatorOf Harvard club medals belonging to Leverett Saltonstall, ca. 1914. Harvard University Archives.
referencedIn Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969. Papers, 1925-1969 (bulk: 1937-1969) Houghton Library
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creatorOf Lyndon Baines Johnson Archives Collection. 1931 - 1968. Congressional Correspondence Files Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
creatorOf Americans for Democratic Action. Massachusetts Chapter. Americans for Democratic Action records, 1949-1976. Massachusetts Historical Society
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referencedIn Eliot, Frederick May, 1889-1958. Presidential Papers, American Unitarian Association, 1936-1958. Harvard University, Divinity School Library
referencedIn Elliot L. Richardson photographs, 1964-1966. Massachusetts Historical Society
referencedIn Lawrence Graham Brooks papers, 1897-1981 Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
creatorOf White, Eva W. (Eva Whiting), 1885-1974. Papers, 1885-1974 (bulk: 1909-1974) Simmons College, Beatley Library
referencedIn Papers, 1835, 1885, 1897-1977 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
creatorOf Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963. John F. Kennedy political papers, 1959-1960. Massachusetts Historical Society
creatorOf Roscoe Pound Papers Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Roscoe Pound Papers Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Paramount Pictures, Inc., Collection. 1951 - 1951. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1941 - 3/1957. PARAMOUNT NEWS [NOV. 5] National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Paramount Pictures, Inc., Collection. 1951 - 1951. Motion Picture Newsreel Films. 10/1941 - 3/1957. PARAMOUNT NEWS [JAN. 8] National Archives at College Park
referencedIn William Ernest Hocking papers Houghton Library
referencedIn Charles R. Walgreen Foundation for the Study of American Institutions. Records, 1938-1956. University of Chicago Library
referencedIn Houghton Library printed book provenance file, R-Z and unidentified Houghton Library
creatorOf Haigis, John W., 1881-1960. John W. Haigis Sr. papers, 1903-1974 (bulk 1903-1936). University of Massachusetts Amherst, W.E.B. Du Bois Library
referencedIn La Piana, George, 1879-1971. Papers, 1878-1972. Andover-Harvard Theological Library
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referencedIn Papers of Martha May Eliot, 1898-1975 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn "March of Time" Collection. 1934 - 1951. March of Time Documentary/Newsreel Films Relating to U.S. History, Government, Politics, Culture, and International Affairs. 1935 - 1953. THE PRESIDENTIAL YEAR National Archives at College Park
referencedIn General Records of the Department of the Navy. 1941 - 2004. Moving Images Relating to Military Activities. 1947 - 1980. MRS. JEAN HANSON PRESENTED CONGRESSIONAL MEDAL OF HONOR FOR HER SON, LT. ROBERT HANSON, PILOT KILLED IN PACIFIC, BOSTON, MASS National Archives at College Park
referencedIn National Broadcasting Company, Inc., Collection. 1953 - 1962. Motion Picture Films. 1953 - 1962. THE INAUGURATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: JOHN F. KENNEDY, JANUARY 20, 1961 National Archives at College Park
referencedIn Presidential Papers, American Unitarian Association, 1936-1958. Andover-Harvard Theological Library
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referencedIn Mannheim, Eunice Lundbeck, 1907-1960. Papers, 1926-1961 (inclusive), 1948-1960 (bulk). Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Papers of Amelia Earhart, 1835-1977 Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn John Kieran Papers, 1917-1985 Library of Congress. Manuscript Division
referencedIn Black, James Wallace, 1825-1896,. Saltonstall-Brooks-Lewis photographs, ca. 1830-ca. 1945. Massachusetts Historical Society
Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
associatedWith Adams, Frederick B. (Frederick Baldwin), 1910-2001, person
associatedWith American Council for Nationalities Service. corporateBody
associatedWith Americans for Democratic Action. Massachusetts Chapter. corporateBody
associatedWith American Unitarian Association. President, Frederick May Eliot. corporateBody
associatedWith Bachrach, Louis Fabian, 1881-1963 person
associatedWith Bane, Frank, 1893- person
associatedWith Brooke, Edward William, 1919- person
associatedWith Brooks, Lawrence Graham, 1881-1981. person
associatedWith Browder, Earl, 1891-1973 person
associatedWith Brown, Herman LaRue, 1883-1969 person
associatedWith Brown, Prentiss Marsh, 1889-1973 person
associatedWith Bush, Barbara, 1925- person
associatedWith Bush, George, 1924- person
associatedWith Byrd, Harry Flood, 1887-1966. person
associatedWith Byrd, Richard Evelyn, 1888-1957. person
associatedWith Charles R. Walgreen Foundation for the Study of American Institutions. corporateBody
associatedWith Concord (Mass.). April 19th, 1950 Committee. corporateBody
associatedWith Consumers' League of Massachusetts. corporateBody
associatedWith Coolidge, Calvin, 1872-1933. person
associatedWith Coolidge, John, 1913-1995 person
associatedWith Crowell, Rhoda Marjorie, 1920- person
associatedWith Curley, James Michael, 1874-1958. person
correspondedWith Cushing, Leonard F., 1901-1962. person
associatedWith Dearborn, Frederick M. (Frederick Myers), b. 1876 person
associatedWith De Voto, Bernard Augustine, 1897-1955. person
associatedWith Dixon, Frank M. (Frank Murray), 1892-1965. person
associatedWith Dodd, Thomas J. (Thomas Joseph), 1907-1971 person
associatedWith Dukakis, Kitty. person
associatedWith Dukakis, Michael S. (Michael Stanley), 1933- person
associatedWith Earhart, Amelia, 1897-1937 person
associatedWith EDITH NOURSE ROGERS, 1881-1960 person
associatedWith Edwin, Ed, person
associatedWith Ehrmann, Herbert B. (Herbert Brutus), b. 1891 person
associatedWith Ehrmann, Herbert Brutus, 1891-1970. person
associatedWith Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Dwight David), 1890-1969. person
associatedWith Eliot, Frederick May, 1889-1958 person
associatedWith Eliot, Martha M. (Martha May), b. 1891. person
associatedWith Eunice (Lundbeck) Mannheim, 1907-1960 person
associatedWith Flagg, Mildred Buchanan, 1886-1980. person
associatedWith Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006. person
associatedWith Glueck, Sheldon, 1896- person
correspondedWith Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969 person
associatedWith Gropius, Walter, 1883-1969 person
associatedWith Haigis, John W., 1881-1960. person
correspondedWith Hand, Learned, 1872-1961 person
associatedWith Hardy, Harriet Louise, 1906- person
associatedWith Harriet Louise Hardy, 1906- person
associatedWith Hart, Philip A. (Philip Aloysius), 1912-1976 person
associatedWith Harvard Alumni Association. corporateBody
associatedWith Harvard Club of Boston. corporateBody
correspondedWith Harvard Law School Forum corporateBody
associatedWith Harvard University corporateBody
correspondedWith Herter, Christian Archibald, 1895-1966 person
correspondedWith Herter, Christian Archibald, 1895-1966 person
correspondedWith Hocking, William Ernest, 1873-1966 person
associatedWith Hoover, Herbert, 1874-1964. person
associatedWith Hope, Bob, 1903-2003. person
associatedWith Hough, Henry Beetle, 1896- person
associatedWith Houghton Library. person
associatedWith Howe, Mark De Wolfe, 1906-1967 person
associatedWith Ithaca Festival. corporateBody
associatedWith Jennings, Peter, 1938-2005. person
associatedWith Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973. person
correspondedWith Katharine Wolcott Toll person
associatedWith Kennedy, Edward M. (Edward Moore), 1932-2009. person
associatedWith Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald), 1917-1963. person
associatedWith Kennedy, Robert F., 1925-1968. person
correspondedWith Kieran, John, 1892-1981. person
associatedWith Kirstein, Louis Edward, 1867-1942. person
associatedWith Koo, V. K. Wellington, 1888-1985. person
associatedWith La Piana, George, 1879-1971 person
associatedWith Leach, W. Barton (Walter Barton), 1900- person
associatedWith Lee, Mary, 1891-1982 person
associatedWith Levis, Rosa Marie Finnochietti, 1878-1959. person
associatedWith Logunova, Natalii︠a︡ Apollinarievna, d. 1972?. person
associatedWith Mannheim, Eunice Lundbeck, 1907-1960. person
associatedWith Manning, Robert, 1919- person
correspondedWith Marquand, John P. (John Phillips), 1893-1960 person
associatedWith MARTHA MAY ELIOT, 1891-1978 person
associatedWith Massachusetts. Governor (1939-1945 : Saltonstall) corporateBody
associatedWith Massachusetts. Governor's Legislative Office. corporateBody
associatedWith MIRIAM VAN WATERS, 1887-1974 person
associatedWith Mitchell, Stewart, 1892-1957. person
associatedWith Moody, Blair, 1902-1954 person
associatedWith Morison, Samuel Eliot, 1887-1976. person
associatedWith Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913-1994. person
associatedWith Onassis, Jacqueline Kennedy, 1929-1994. person
associatedWith O'Neill, Tip. person
associatedWith Paine, Robert Treat, 1835-1910. person
associatedWith Paul A. Freund person
associatedWith Peabody, Endicott, 1920-1997. person
correspondedWith Peabody, Marian Lawrence, 1875- person
correspondedWith Pease, Arthur Stanley, 1881- person
associatedWith Pound, Roscoe, 1870-1964 person
associatedWith Pound, Roscoe, 1870-1964. person
associatedWith Reagan, Ronald. person
associatedWith Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) corporateBody
associatedWith Richardson, Elliot L., 1920-1999. person
associatedWith Rogers, Edith Nourse, 1881-1960. person
associatedWith Roosevelt, Franklin D. (Franklin Delano), 1882-1945. person
associatedWith Roosevelt, Nicholas, 1893-1982 person
associatedWith Rosa Marie Levis, 1878-1959 person
associatedWith Saltonstall family. family
associatedWith Saltonstall, Robert, 1910- person
associatedWith Saltonstall, William. person
associatedWith Sargent, Francis W., 1915-1998. person
correspondedWith Scott, Austin Wakeman, 1884-1981 person
associatedWith Scott, Hugh, 1900-1994. person
associatedWith Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library. corporateBody
associatedWith Shattuck, Henry Lee, 1879-1971. person
correspondedWith Sherwood, Robert E. (Robert Emmet), 1896-1955 person
correspondedWith Sissman, L. E., 1928-1976 person
associatedWith Slattery, Charles Lewis, 1867-1930 person
associatedWith Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866 person
associatedWith Stokes, Anson Phelps, 1874-1958 person
associatedWith Stokes, Anson Phelps, 1874-1958. person
associatedWith Sutherland, Arthur E., 1902-1973 person
associatedWith Sutherland, Arthur E., 1902-1973. person
associatedWith The Window Shop, Inc., 1939-1987 corporateBody
associatedWith Tsongas, Paul. person
correspondedWith Unitarian Service Committee. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Congress. Senate. corporateBody
associatedWith United States. Dept. of Defense. corporateBody
associatedWith Vandenberg, Arthur H. (Arthur Hendrick), 1884-1951 person
associatedWith Van Waters, Miriam. person
associatedWith Welk, Lawrence, 1903-1992. person
associatedWith Weston, Harold, 1894-1972 person
associatedWith White, Eva W. person
associatedWith White, Eva Whiting, 1880-1974 person
associatedWith White, Eva Whiting, 1880-1974. person
associatedWith Window Shop (Cambridge, Mass.) corporateBody
associatedWith Wyzanski, Charles E. (Charles Edward), 1906- person
associatedWith Wyzanski, Charles E. (Charles Edward), 1906-1986. person
Place Name Admin Code Country
Norfolk County MA US
Boston MA US
Chestnut Hill MA US
Massachusetts MA US
Subject
Autographs
Government executives
Korean War, 1950-1953
Legislators
Politicians
Politicians
Politicians' spouses
Presidents
Occupation
Governor
Governor
Lawyer
Senator
Activity

Corporate Body

Birth 1892-09-01

Death 1979-06-17

Male

Americans

English

Information

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