Doty, Madeleine Z. (Madeleine Zabriskie), 1877-1963

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Lawyer; Journalist; Suffragist; Prison reformer; Pacifist; Teacher. Born Bayonne, New Jersey, 1877; A.B. Smith College, 1900; L.L.B., New York University, 1902; practiced law until 1907; then secretary, Russell Sage Foundation Children's Court Committee. Accompanied Jane Addams and 43 other women to Women's Peace Conference, The Hague, 1915; as traveling correspondent, New York Tribune and Good Housekeeping, was in Russia during the Bolshevik Revolution. Published Society's Misfits (1916) on juvenile and women's prison reform; Short Rations: An American Woman in Germany (1917), and Behind the Battle Line (1918). Married Roger Baldwin, 1915 (divorced 1925). Became international secretary for the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, 1925; received PhD in international relations from the University of Geneva, 1934; taught history at Miss Harris's School, Florida; and at University of Geneva until 1962; organized the first Geneva Junior Year Abroad programs for University of Delaware, 1938-39, and Smith College, 1946-49.

From the description of Papers, 1880-1984. (Smith College). WorldCat record id: 36926358

Madeleine Zabriskie Doty was born in Bayonne, New Jersey, August 24, 1877. She received a B.L. from Smith College in 1900 and an L.L.B. from New York University in 1902.

After practicing law for five years in New York City, her interest turned to children's courts and delinquency and for three years she was secretary of the Russell Sage Foundation Children's Court Committee. As a member of New York's Prison Reform Commission in 1913, she voluntarily spent a week in prison to investigate conditions. Out of this experience she published Society's Misfits (1916) about juvenile and women's prison reform.

Madeleine Z. Doty in Russia, circa 1917-18

Doty's pacifist principles placed her among an international circle of pacifist women who believed that women's exclusion from warmaking councils gave them an objective view which made them more natural peacemakers than men. In 1915, with Jane Addams and forty-three other women from the U.S., she attended the Women's Peace Congress at The Hague. She then became a correspondent for the New York Tribune and Good Housekeeping . For the latter she traveled around the world and was in Russia during the 1917-1918 revolution. She published Short Rations: An American Woman In Germany in 1917 and Behind The Battle Line in 1918.

In 1919 she married pacifist, Roger Baldwin, who later founded the ACLU. They were divorced in 1925. Doty continued to play a part in the peace movement first as International Secretary for the WILPF in Geneva, then as editor of Pax International for the League of Nations. In 1936, foreseeing the collapse of the League, Doty decided that the only way to secure world peace was through education of the young. She created and organized the first Geneva Junior Year Abroad program for the University of Delaware, 1938-1939. Because it was impossible to continue during World War II, she studied at the University of Geneva, receiving a Ph.D in International Relations in 1934 at the age of 66. After the war she returned to the U.S. and between 1946 and 1949 she organized and ran another Geneva Junior Year Abroad program for Smith College.

Beginning in 1950 Doty taught history at Miss Harris's School in Florida. She retired at the age of 75. She returned to Geneva and lectured on American history at the University of Geneva until 1962 when she moved to Greenfield, Massachusetts, where she died October 14, 1963.

From the guide to the Madeleine Zabriskie Doty Papers MS 49., 1880-1984, (Sophia Smith Collection)

Archival Resources
Role Title Holding Repository
creatorOf Doty, Madeleine Z. (Madeleine Zabriskie), 1877-1963. Papers, 1880-1984. Smith College, Neilson Library
creatorOf Balch, Emily Greene, 1867-1961. Emily Greene Balch papers, 1842-1979 1875-1961 (bulk) Swarthmore College, Peace Collection, SCPC
referencedIn Baldwin, Roger N. (Roger Nash), 1884-1981. Reminiscences, 1978. Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
referencedIn Hudson, Manley Ottmer, 1886-1960. Papers, 1894-1960 Harvard Law School Library Langdell Hall Cambridge, MA 02138
referencedIn Gannett, Lewis, 1891-1966. Papers, 1681-1966 (bulk 1900-1960) Houghton Library
creatorOf Madeleine Zabriskie Doty Papers MS 49., 1880-1984 Sophia Smith Collection
referencedIn Papers of Doris Stevens, 1884-1983 (inclusive), 1920-1960 (bulk) Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America‏
creatorOf Jane Addams Papers Swarthmore College, Peace Collection, SCPC
Role Title Holding Repository
Relation Name
correspondedWith Addams, Jane, 1860-1935 person
associatedWith Balch, Emily Greene, 1867-1961. person
associatedWith Baldwin, Roger, 1884-1981 person
correspondedWith De Selincourt, Hugh, 1878-1951 person
correspondedWith Doris Stevens person
correspondedWith Douglas, Norman, 1868-1952 person
correspondedWith Dreiser, Theodore, 1871-1945 person
correspondedWith Fisher, Dorothy Canfield, 1879-1958 person
correspondedWith Fosdick, Harry Emerson, 1878-1969 person
correspondedWith Galsworthy, John, 1867-1933 person
associatedWith Gandhi, Mahatma, 1869-1948 person
correspondedWith Gannett, Lewis, 1891-1966 person
associatedWith Gorkey, Maksim, 1868-1936 person
associatedWith Gorky, Maksim, 1868-1936 person
associatedWith Hudson, Manley Ottmer, 1886- person
associatedWith Kerensky, Aleksandr Fyodorovich, 1881-1970 person
correspondedWith Lindsey, Ben B. (Ben Barr), 1869-1943 person
correspondedWith Madariaga, Salvador de, 1886- person
correspondedWith Osborne, Thomas Mott, 1859-1926 person
correspondedWith Perkins, Frances, 1882-1965 person
correspondedWith Perkins, Frances, 1892-1965 person
correspondedWith Pethick-Lawrence, Emmeline, 1867- person
correspondedWith Pethick-Lawrence, Frederick William Pethick-Lawrence, Baron, 1871-1961 person
correspondedWith Phillips, David Graham, 1867-1911 person
correspondedWith Roosevelt, Eleanor, 1884-1962 person
correspondedWith Shaw, Bernard, 1856-1950 person
associatedWith Smith College Junior Year for International Studies corporateBody
correspondedWith Wells, H. G. (Herbert George), 1866-1946 person
correspondedWith West, Rebecca, Dame, 1892- person
associatedWith Women's International League for Peace and Freedom corporateBody
Place Name Admin Code Country
Soviet Union
United States
Russia
Subject
Child welfare
Child welfare
Courtship
Courtship
Journalists
Journalists
Peace movements
Prison reformers
Prison reformers
Reformatories for women
World War, 1914-1918
World War, 1914-1918
Women and peace
Women lawyers
Women lawyers
Occupation
Activity

Person

Birth 1877-08-24

Death 1963

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